Cement is an essential binding material used in all types of construction as a component of concrete mixes, mortars and many construction chemicals. Concrete floors are one of the building elements where cement plays a key role. They are necessary to cover floors, and can also be left unfinished, e.g. in basements or garages. However, in addition to their unattractive appearance, such substrates are difficult to keep clean. Dry concrete dusts, and the porous structure does not protect against the penetration of dirt.
The severity of defects depends on the composition of the concrete mix components, as well as care treatments after spreading the cover. Concrete dusting is a natural phenomenon and is associated with a continuous chemical reaction between the calcium compounds contained in the cement and the carbon dioxide in the air. To prevent this, it is worth covering the concrete surface with a coating that reduces the influx of carbon dioxide, which at the same time seals the substrate. Problems during the execution of floor screeds can be caused by shrinkage of the concrete mix during hardening, which leads to the formation of surface cracks and stresses. It is also important to properly care for the hardening concrete mix, which consists in maintaining the appropriate humidity and troweling the surface.
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To make a concrete foundation, ready-made, factory-assembled components are most often used in a mixing and pumping unit – the so-called mixer. The concrete mix should have a sufficiently thick consistency, which prevents delamination of the material. Concrete compaction is usually not necessary with a relatively thin layer of coverage or the use of vibrating screeds, which simultaneously level the surface.
Other types of jointless coatings are resin epoxy, polyurethane and methacrylic floors. Resin epoxy floors are one of the most commonly used in industry and public facilities. These floors are characterized by high mechanical and chemical resistance as well as high and low temperature resistance. They are easy to keep clean and resistant to moisture, which makes them ideal for use in rooms with high humidity. Polyurethane and methacrylic floors have similar properties but are less popular than epoxy floors.
Summary
Concrete floors are one of the basic elements in single-family and industrial construction. Their proper execution and care affect the durability and aesthetics of the entire structure. Floating the concrete is one of the most important activities during the screeding process, which ensures its strength and durability. Many types of seamless floors can be used to cover a concrete substrate. Among them, we will find resin epoxy, polyurethane and methacrylic floors, which are characterized by high mechanical, chemical and thermal resistance.
